The whole discussion of whether the field is rotating or not when the
magnet
rotates, in Faraday's experiment, has been interesting. I presume the
ideal
construction of his disk with the rotating magnet would be a cylindrical
magnet of the same radius as the disk, so that it presents a field over
the
whole disk, avoiding the issue of the electric current in one angle of the
disk looping back around within the disk.
The construction I have been pondering, but not yet revealing, is a more
complex extension beyond what Faraday apparently put together. I'm going
to
leave out certain mechanical details of non-ferrous non-conductive parts
like how to sup****t the moving parts, to try to simplify the explanation.
There are 4 disk magnets. They have a hole in the middle, making them
look
much like a donut. Their poles are on the flat faces.
2 of the magnets are oriented with their N poles facing each other. The
unspecified mechanical sup****ts will have to hold them in this position
since the magnets would be repelling each other. The distance between
them
is not specified, but would be presumed to be somewhat small.
A 2nd arrangement of the other 2 disks is also constructed, also with
their
N poles facing each other.
The 2 pairs of magnetic disks are placed side by side, either in contact
with
each other such that one pair can roll against the other. If these disks
has
gear teeth on their rims, the gear teeth might engage. Alternatively,
they
could be at a distance where they do not touch.
There will be a non-metallic mechanism to cause the disks to rotate such
that
one pair (that faces each other) rotates clockwise while the other beside
it
rotates counter-clockwise. This rotation would be consistent with having
them
mesh gear teeth together.
An insulated conductive wire is looped through the holes of the magnet
disks.
The wire enters disk #1 in its hole, and down through disk #2 which faces
it
with a repelling N pole. The wire then turns 90 degrees to travel
parallel
to the radius of the disk towards the other disk pair. Then it goes along
the radius of disk #3 (which could mesh teeth with disk #2) until it
reaches
the hole on disk #3. Then it turns 90 degrees to enter the hole, and runs
on
to the hole on disk #4. It then exits the hole of disk #4, turns 90
degrees,
and runs along the radius of disk #4 then the radius of disk #1, and meets
back where it started.
The wire loop could be closed at this point. Or it could repeat the path
many times making a large number of winding turns. The loop can also be
broken to attach a pair of wires to connect the loop externally to some
circuit. I suggest that a good point to break a wire (or rather, to leave
it open) to connect the external circuit is at the point near between disk
#1 and disk #4.
When the magnets rotate as specified above (one facing pair clockwise and
the other facing pair counter-clockwise), the wire/winding segment that
spans from the center of disk #1 and disk #4 will have an electric
potential
induced in one direction. Both disks are effectively moving in the same
direction perpendicular to the wire, so this is a consistent potential
over
this whole segment.
The wire/winding segment that spans from the center of disk #2 and disk #3
will also have an electric potential. But because the field is facing in
the opposite direction here, the potential is induced in the opposite
direction in the wire. But this direction is consistent with the loop of
wire making the winding.
The segment of wire going through the holes will be parallel to the flux
lines of the field, not perpendicular. So this part of the wire loop will
not have any potential induced within it.
If I understand correctly the pattern of flux lines that would be
established
by these magnetic disks in this configuration, and if it is the case that
a
moving magnet relative to a stationary wire will induce a potential, and
if
the magnets are in fact rotated as described, I believe you will get
current
in the loop, or a voltage at the open ends of a circuit attachment.
I see 2 advantages to this arrangement. One is no brushes through which
electrical current must flow. The other is that the wire can be wound
through this path a great many times, to yield a higher voltage. If a
high
current and low voltage generator is desired, substitute the many winds of
wire with a heavy copper bus bar.
The idea for this came to me from looking at one of Tesla's patents. But
in
the case of his design, he had 2 drums and some kind of belt between them
that I think was going to conduct electricity between the rims of each
disk,
and his magnets were stationary. But I'm going with the idea that it
takes
motion of the magnet and conductor RELATIVE TO EACH OTHER to induce
electric
potential, and thus I believe rotating the magnets can produce the
electricity
if the wiring arrangement can be configured to avoid the case of inducing
an
opposed potential. The complex magnet arrangement, I believe, achieves
that.
One more thought. If this works, consider operating it in reverse as a
motor.
Feed DC in and the magnets turn. Now consider two separated windings
running
with each other along the same path. One one set, feed in DC power. On
the
other set, extract DC power. These sets do not need to have the same
number
of turns.
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